Biotechnology : principles and Processes :Quetionairre

CLASS-XII

CHAPTER-II

Biotechnology : principles and Processes

Q.(1)    What would be the molar concentration of human DNA in human cell?

    Hints:   Av. Mo. Wt of

 Nucleo Tide pair = 330 Dalton

Genome size of diploid human cell.

6.6 ×     ( 0.4 % )

Q.(2)    What is palin dromic nucleotide sequence in DNA? Give an example.                     (2)

Q.(3)    How can DNA fragments, be separated by gel electrophoresis, visualised and isolated?                                                                                                                                        (2)

Q.(4)    Explain the contribution of Thermus aquaticus in the amplification of gene of interest.(2)

Q.(5)    What are recombinant proteins? How do bioreactors help in their production.      (3)

Q.(6)    Name the source organism from which Ti plasmid in isolated. Explain the use of this plasmid in biotechnology.                                                                                                (2)

Q.(7)    Why is origin of replication ( ori ) required to facilitate cloning into a vector?       (2)

Q.(8)    Besides better aeration and mixing properties, what other advantages do stirred tank bioreactors have over shake flasks.

Q.(9)    What is insertional in-activation? How is this technology used as selectable marker?(3)

Q.(10)  How is foreign gene product converted into a finished product for marketing?

Q.(11)  Explain briefly

            (a)        PCR      (b)        Restriction enzyme                 (c)        Chitinase.        (3)

Q.(12)  What is r DNA? Explain the cloning of r DNA.            (5)

Q.(13)  (a)        Why are engineered vectors preferred by biotechnologists for transferring the desired  gene  into another into another organism.

 

(b)        Explain how do “ori” , selectable marker and cloning  sites facilitate cloning into a vector.                                                                                              2 + 3 = 5

Q.(14)  Mention any two methods of vectorless gene transfer.                                              (2)

Q.(15)  (i)  Mention the number of primers  required in each cycle of polymerase chain reaction      (PCR). Write the role of primers and DNA polymerase in PCR.

(ii)   Give the characteristic feature and source organism of the DNA polymerase in PCR.                                                                                                                                                 (2 + 1)

Q.(16)  Why and how bacteria can be mode ‘competent?” OR. Why DNA does not directly enter the bacterial cell?

Q.(17)  Why are genes encoding resistance to antibiotics considered useful selectable markers for E. coli  cloning vector? Explain with the help of an example.

Q(18)   Draw a schematic sketch of PBR322 plasmid and label following in it.

1. Any two restriction sites.
2. Ori and  rop genes
3. An antibiotic resistant gene                                                                                   (3)
    
    
   Q.(19)  Expand   the following and mention one application of each
               (1)        PCR                  (2)        ELISA                                                                           (2)
    
   Q.(20)  A wine maker and molecular biologist who has developed a recombinant vaccine, both claim themselves to be biotechnologists. Who in your opinion is right?                (2)
    
   Q.(21)  Describe the role of cac in preparation of competent cells.                                  (2)
    
   Q.(22)  If a desired gene is identified in an organism for some experiments, explain the process of the following:
              
   (i)  Cutting this desired gene at specific location.
              
   (ii)  Synthesis of multiple copies of this desired gene.
    
    +  =5  )