CLASS-XII
ASSIGNMENT
ECOLOGY-ECOSYSTEM
Q.(1) Name
the pioneer species organism on bare rocks and water body.
How do these species help in establishing the next type of
Vegetation.
Q.(2) Under
what circumstances secondary succession begins? Why does it proceed faster than
primary succession?
Q.(3) What
functions do detritivors play in ecosystems? Explain the significance of humification
and mineralisation in a decomposition cycle?
Q.(4) Compare
the grazing food chain and detritus food chain in aspect of their (a)origin
(b) Energy status.
Q.(5) Differentiate
between primary and secondary succession.
( Any four points)
Q.(6) What is meant by ecological
succession? How does it occur? Explain.
Q.(7) Name
the type of food chains responsible for the flow of larger fraction of energy
in an aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem respectively. Mention difference
between the food chains.
(Hint-Aquatic (GFC)
Terrestrial (DFC) ).
Q.(8) Write down the difference between net
primary productivity and GPP.
Q.(9) (a)
Draw pyramid of numbers of a situation where a large population of
insect feed upon a big tree. The insects in turn are eaten by small birds which
in turn are fed up by big birds.
(b) Differentiate giving reason between the
pyramid of biomass of above situation and pyramid of numbers you have drawn.
Q.(10) Identify the type of the given
ecological pyramid and give one example each of pyramid of numbers and pyramid
of biomass in such cases.
Ans. Inverted pyramid.
Inverted pyramid of biomass in
lake.
- - - - - -
Phytoplankton - - - - - - -zooplankton- - - - - - -fishes.
Inverted pyramid of
Numbers.
Tree - - - - - -
Insects - - - - - - - Birds.
Q.(11) The energy flow in ecosystem follows
second law of thermodynamics. Explain (LA
Questions)
Q.(12) Distinguish between
(a) Production and decomposition.
(b) Upright and inverted pyramid.
(c) Food chain & food web.
(d) Litter and detritus.
(e) Fragmentation and leaching.
(f) Hydrarch succession and Xerarch succession.
(g) Carbon
cycle and phosphorous cycle
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